26 octubre 2015

CONNECTORS OF CONTRAST



DEFINITION (DEFINICIÓN)

      Las conjunciones o conectores sirven para unir ideas, es decir, oraciones. En inglés hay un gran número de conjunciones; algunas de ellas expresan la misma idea. A la hora de redactar deberemos utilizar diferentes conectores, ya que la calidad de nuestra redacción dependerá en gran parte del buen uso y variedad de éstos.

CHART AND CHARACTERISTICS: CLASIFICACIÓN Y CARACTERÍSTICAS

                 CLAUSES OF CONTRAST (ORACIONES SUBORDINADAS CONCESIVAS)

-          Las oraciones subordinadas concesivas expresan contraste u oposición de ideas con respecto a la oración principal.

ENGLISH CONNECTOR
SPANISH
EXAMPLE
BUT
PERO
María felt ill, but she went to school.
(María se sentía mal, pero fue al colegio.)
HOWEVER (introduce una frase y va entre signos de puntuación)
SIN EMBARGO
María was ill. However, she went to school.
(María estaba enferma, sin embargo, fue al colegio.
NEVERTHELESS/ YET/STILL (más formal que but)
NO OBSTANTE
María felt ill, yet she went to school.
WHILE/ WHEREAS (compara y enfatiza la diferencia entre dos hechos)
MIENTRAS QUE (AUNQUE)
Whereas some experts expect the government to win the election, most believe that the opposition will win.
(Mientras que los expertos esperan que el gobierno gane las elecciones, la mayoría creen que lo hará la oposición).
ALTHOUGH/ THOUGH
AUNQUE
Although he is a good singer, he couldn’t sing last night.
(Aunque es un buen cantante, no pudo cantar anoche)
EVEN IF/ EVEN THOUGH
INCLUSO SI / INCLUSO AUNQUE
Even though he is a good singer, he couldn’t sing last night.
(Incluso aunque es un buen cantante, no pudo cantar anoche)
IN SPITE OF/ DESPITE + sintagma nominal/ gerundio (-ing)/ the fact that + oración
A PESAR DE
-          (sintagma nominal) →In spite of his good voice, he couldn’t sing last night.
-          (gerundio) → In spite of being a good singer, he couldn’t sing last night.
-          (the fact that…) → In spite of the fact that he is a good singer, he couldn’t sing last night.
ON THE ONE HAND…ON THE OTHER HAND
POR UN LADO (PARTE)…POR OTRO LADO (PARTE)
On the one hand I like going out with my friends, on the other hand sometimes I prefer staying at home.
(Por una parte me gusta salir con mis amigos, por otra parte a veces prefiero quedarme en casa.)

IN CONTRAST / CONTRARY TO
POR EL CONTRARIO
Her hair is black, in contrast with her daughter’s blonde locks.
(Su pelo es Moreno, en contraste con los rizos rubios de su hija.)

CONTRAST CLAUSES EXERCISES

REWRITE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS BEGINNING AS SHOWN
       1.  Although he was very ill, he didn’t tell anybody.
-          In spite of
2     2. Although we lost our way, we got home before dark.
-          Despite
       3. Although it was raining, they carried out with the work.
-          Despite
       4.  Despite the fact that her friends advised her not to do it, she would not listen.
-          Although
5     5. Although Mónica is very famous in Spain, she is not widely known abroad.
-          In spite of
6     6. I didn’t drink that much last night. I had a terrible hangover this morning.
-          Despite
       7. They were very nice but they locked him in a cell.
-          Although
8      8. I like you even though you have a strange sense of humour.
-          In spite of
9      9. Despite the fact that the questions were difficult, she got a high mark in the exam.
-          Although
        10.  Although the weather was horrible, we went skiing.
-          In spite of
1      11.  In spite of having two tickets for the concert, we didn’t go.
-          Although
1      12.  My grandparents are very rich, but they can´t stand spending money.
-          Despite
1      13.  The house looks old, but it’s really quite modern.
-          Although
1      14.  Although I dropped the dish, it didn’t break.
-          I dropped the dish. However,
1      15.  Despite the difficulty of the task, everybody was willing to accept it.
-          Although
1      16.   Although she was ill, she visited other countries.
-          Despite
1      17.   Despite his age, he still has a very good sense of humour.
-          Although
1      18.  Despite trying, I couldn’t start the car.
-          Although
1      19.  Joe is a millionaire, but he hates spending money.
-          Despite

EXERCISES 
- Rewriting exercise 1

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